The Role of Cathepsin B in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury After Stroke

Bhakta Prasad Gaire, PHD; Lalita Subedi, PHD; Hironori Teramoto, BSC; Bingren Hu, PHD

doi:10.36255/exonpublications.cerebralischemia.2021.cathepsin

Open access book Cerebral Ischemia cover

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Published: Nov 6, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36255/exonpublications.cerebralischemia.2021.cathepsin

Keywords:

cathepsin B, cerebral ischemia, cysteine proteases, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation

Bhakta Prasad Gaire, PHD

Department of Anesthesiology and Neurology, Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research Center, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Lalita Subedi, PHD

Department of Anesthesiology and Neurology, Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research Center, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Hironori Teramoto, BSC

Department of Anesthesiology and Neurology, Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research Center, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Bingren Hu, PHD

Department of Anesthesiology and Neurology, Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research Center, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

ABSTRACT

Cathepsins are endolysosomal proteases that can be categorized into different types based on their structures and active-site amino acid residue, including cysteine (cathepsins B, C, F, H, K, L, O, S, V, W, and X), serine (cathepsins A and G), and aspartic (cathepsins D and E). Cathepsins can regulate diverse cellular activities such as the processing and presentation of antigens, the processing and activation of hormones, apoptosis, aging, and autophagy. Recently, cathepsin B has gained attention for its role in various neurological diseases including ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and traumatic brain injury. This chapter mainly focuses on the role of cathepsin B in brain ischemia reperfusion injury in animal models of stroke.